Alcohol Misuse Among Minors In The UK :: essays research papers

The uprightness in this country states that it is illegal for anyone under 18 years to consume alcoholic beverage or to work in licensed premises to buy alcohol or to have it bought for them anywhere. Those oer 16 may drink a small amount with a meal in a specially allocated area, but beyond that they heart arrest and prosecution.In spite of this the law is frequently broken. Following the example of adults, for whom alcohol is the most used drug, several surveys show that children try alcohol. 68% of boys and 54% of girls (in the UK) appear to have tried it by the age of thirteen. The majority may non drink to excess but many have already experimented with the effects of intoxication. The young do not seem to know the dangers and exoteric houses frequently hold discos which attract them in. Stewards find it difficult to assess who is down the stairs the age limit. The increase in consumption expected when the price of alcohol falls is bound to include youngsters. the seriou s implications of this must be faced, not least because drug abuse is closely linked to alcohol abuse.Clearly the law has a role to play. The police must be encouraged to lend oneself age limits, and, if necessary, licensing hours should be restricted. Unfortunately, this may inconvenience legitimate drinkers and deprive landlords of strength legal business. Having extra police and stewards may be useless since 16 year olds are not easy to pick out anymore. peerless solution offered by the Portman Group is the credit card system whereby nevertheless 18 year old will carry age identification cards. This should help, but even one of the director convolute admits it is only a contribution.The alternative lies in education. Adults can help by example and by de-glamorising alcohol. Children can be taught about the risks to health and to performance, about the chances of being involved in violence or serious accidents and the dependency which lands many in hospital wards.

Read and Respond to: Amy Tan’s Mother Tongue Essay

Amy Tan is a passionate writer of books such as The Joy Luck Club and other published deeds. Now that we shed read her text read her text Mother Tongue, we look into new things more or less her as a writer. In my first result to Amy Tans passage I described her as a self-motivated author as I read what motivated her to write. She introduced readers to her mother, a womanhood who enjoys yarn Forbes and listening to the Wall Street Journal talks.This gave us as readers a clue that Amys mother was used to reading more advanced pieces. Amy tan tells us about her mothers slope and how it hold uped broken or as if something was missing every time she talked. tour at the same time, her mothers way of speaking English sounded natural and real to Amy, and I think this could be a agent she chose Mother Tongue as her title. While Amy described herself as a rebel by nature, she pursued her passion to run a nifty write for herself, and for her mother, while disproving all negative assumptions about her.A steady-going example of this when she started writing fiction. She mentions in her article that most sentences although grammatically correct, had an in-authentic sound to her and unnatural. In other words she was probably writing something mother wouldnt approve. I go back to when Amy Tan mentions that she enjoyed disproving assumptions made about her while she was starting out. She was told that her English was not good enough to be a writer and still pursued her goal and worked hard to become a great writer. She gives off a sense of pride and achievement when she writes that about how she knew she had succeeded as a writer when her mother finished reading her book and said to Amy, so easy to read.Mother Approved. As a personal opinion, I think most people are not like Amy Tan. In the sense of us sometimes not being passionate enough to truly follow what we want and work towards it regardless of what other may have to say. There are some influences out there and must learn to only pay economic aid to those that provide help us get closer to our goal and discount the rest. As a good friend of mine once told me Its not that dont care about certain people, its just that at this very moment where our goals are constantly in our minds, we need to focus and let go and only stick to what will help us accomplish our goals.

Farehnheit 451 Essay

Fahrenheit 451 is a unexampled around how the world would be without feelings, emotions, and knowing what you want in life. Mildred Montag and Clarisse McClellan are two different characters in the novel that act in very diverse ways. The main distinctions betwixt Mildred and Clarisse is that, their personalities are different, they have different views on life, and their feelings toward Guy are al unrivaled dissimilar.Mildred Montag is one of the main characters in Fahrenheit 451. Mildred has many struggles and difficulties. She is unrealistic, cares only about herself, and doesnt show any real emotions. Guy Montag is her husband, but in time it doesnt feel that way in the novel. No emotions are showed amongst the two, they sleep in different beds, and their views are both very different. Mildreds main hobby is watching television. She is unexciting, vacant, and obsessed with television. Throughout the novel naught new is said about Mildred, her character doesnt change and no r do her feelings. In one part of the novel, Guy asks her how she feels about life, is she satisfied, is she happy? Im proud of it (Bradbury 26) she says, and she convinces herself to be content even though she is not.Clarisse McClellan is one of the characters that have an immense impact in Montags life. Clarisse has an independent listen she has intellect and shows feelings and emotions. Innocence is her strength and is one of the realistic characters in the novel. Clarisse has a short part in the novel but made a full impact on the main character Montag. Something that she shows is being approach pattern and full enjoying the fine things in life. In one part of the novel she says to Montag, Isnt this a nice time to locomote? I equivalent to smell things and look at things, and sometimes stay up tout ensemble night, walking and watch the sunrise (Bradbury, 7). It shows how she appreciates what she has, she isnt panicked of anyone, and she know how to just be herself.Claris ses feelings towards Montag in the book make a liberal influence on him. When she first meets him she isnt afraid to express herself. She walks on him as he goes home and says, Do you mind if I walk back with you? Im Clarisse McClellan (Bradbury, 6). This just shows how different she is and how she is not afraid to act the way she does.

Advantages and Disadvantages †Studying Abroad Essay

Nowadays, there are many state keep their studies outside their ground. They think that educations in other countries are better than in their own country. Studying abroad offer so many life-changing and stick out academic, career, and amicable benefits, therefore students consider canvass abroad. Studying abroad lets you get under ones skin things you deliver never faced them before. It gives you the opportunity to communicate with different people who have different religions and speak different languages. This pull up stakes improve your social skills.In addition, when you graduate from a university in a foreign country, It will make you more prestigious. In work life and in your private life, It will bring more respect for you. To them, you are a somebody who experiences a different world with different inhabitants. . Exploring cultures and civilisations, which may happen when studying abroad. Few other experiences in life have proven such(prenominal) a positive and sus tainable impact on the youth . afield education offers many good foreign universities to international students. These universities often have advanced teaching facilities and other resources.In addition, teachers also have higher(prenominal) professional standards On the other hand, when the youth leaves his hometown and migrate to another country to continue study, some obstacles may show up. he must be away from the family and intimate friends for a while. No doubt, the relationship will breathe away if he dont try to keep in touch with them. Moreover, the person is exposed to an environment where everybody else acts and behaves different from what the student has knowing before. So far the costs of living and studying are or so likely higher then your income in the country and you barely abide by an appropriate job with a high salary at first.

Musical Analysis Essay

The first comp mavinnt I chose was Frederic Chopins Prelude in E-Minor (op. 28 no. 4). It was performed by Aldona Dvarionaite (2009). Chopin was a composer in the Romantic period. This is a sad piano tag on. Chopin wrote primarily for the piano. The piece digress was more or less monotone in nature. The sound was in home rising and lowering using the same melody through bug out the piece. The tones were unploughed uniform repeating over and over again. I prepare this piece of medicament one dimensional. It was dark and depressing in nature. It is not medicinal drug that I would seek out to relax and en happiness.Piece number dickens was composed by Johannes Brahms OP. 49 No. 4 Wiegenlied / Lullaby compose in the romantic period. This piece was performed by Das Slovakische Kammerochester (2007), I found this music comforting an familiar. Kammerochester performed this from the original composition on the violin. I compete this music to my children and my grandchildren to relax them and put them to sleep, singing the lyrics, as my mother render to me. The melody was rythmatic and soothing to my ears. Johannes Brahms repeated the same tones in the beginning, middle, ending.I was equal to discern both the violin and harp in the music, mimicking each other. The berceuse has so many precious memories for me, I cannot help feeling joy with this music. Moving on to the Classical Period I chose to listen to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Requiem, conducted by Karl Bohm (2007). This piece had much more depth in texture and tonality. Mozart raise and lowered the power of the piece using both instrumental regeneration and note volume to emphasize the piece. Listening to this piece brought me memories of going to the duomo with my Grandmother.The entire mass was sung in Latin, so it was the music that take you to understanding the mass. The beginning of the piece was sad changing the tone to close to a jubilation or celebration of life. I enjoyed this piece imm ensely. My aid classical selection is Ludwig Von Beethovens Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-Sharp Minor, performed by Elisso Bolkvadeze (2010). This is a piano piece with complexity in the melody I find myself feeling melancholy. I cannot help exactly feel that there was deep sorrow in the person who wrote this music. It is almost that the person was lost amidst his sorrow.The melody repeats itself nevertheless is different though out the performance. I almost wanted to find this person and hug them to pull up such pain from their life. I was strangely mesmerize, unsure whether to enjoy the music or turn away from the pain. From the Baroque Period I selected one of my favorite pieces, Sebastian Bach Symphony No. 5 in C minor, Op. 67 (2011). There is a complexity in Bachs compositions that I deport not heard in the other composures. I felt energized and excited by this rendition. Bach uses Texture, tonality, melody, and complexity in this piece.The range of emotions changes from moment to moment. It is whimsical at one moment, changing veracity in a moment notice. One does not have to do anything but allow themselves to get lost in the music. There are unequivocal differences in styles, each with their own merits and shortcomings. In order to appreciate music, one only needs to listen, and let the emotions go through them. I may have my preferences to what I enjoy, but a person needs to declare that decision on their own. Music would not be what it is today, if we did not have artist with the imagination and passion to bring it to the public.

Cognitive- behavioural approaches to counselling Essay

This essay is written to compare the guidance blood in person-centred and cognitive-behavioural instruction by turn outlining both the possibility and practice of the counselling relationship. This will be done by outlining the theory of the counselling relationships and the theory in practice. Both person-centred and cognitive-behavioural counselling are widely recognised, successful treatments. in that respect are however many signifi ejectt differences amid the two. Cognitive-behavioural therapy is based on scientific study taking two therapies, cognitive therapy and behavioural therapy, and trust the two.Behavioural therapy is based on the fact that people can find out behaviours through classical conditioning, which was first recorded by Ivan Pavlov at the set aside of the nineteenth century, and operant conditioning (Skinner, 1953. ) Therapists believed what the behavioural therapists were helping their nodes to do, such as encouraging self- assertion and self-unders tanding to help develop fresh come ones to cumulusing with life, make up a wide range of cognitive processes including decision-making and problem-solving. Beck (1976) founded cognitive-behavioural therapy after becoming disillusion by psychoanalytic methods. (McLeod J. 008)Person-centred counselling is a non-scientific therapy developed by Carl Rogers in the 1940s and 1950s. It is a humanistic approach where it is believed that the node needs to look valued and understood for them to be able to develop a self-awareness so they are able to deal with any difficult situation they detect they are in, giving them the power to change their own lives. Person-centred therapy is non-direct approach where the therapist and client develop an equal friendship to develop trust between the two, creating a safe therapeutic environment which alters the client to figure out what makes them the path they are.When the client begins to trust their feelings and become sensationally confident t hey can begin to find the answers to their own problems within themselves. For this to happen a outcome conditions model is in place. Without these conditions this type of therapy would not be effective (Rogers, C. 1957. ) Therapist-Client mental Contact- A relationship which two people welcome impact on each other and the therapist needs to be engaged by the client. Client incongruence, or Vulnerability- The client needs to be in a state of incongruence, feel that their real self is not how they would ideally same be.The client is also vulnerable to anxiousness which means they will be motivated stay in the relationship. (McLeod, J. 2008) Therapist Congruence or Genuineness- The therapist needs to be congruent within the therapeutic relationship- needs to be genuine in dealing with the client and use their own incur to enable the relationship. Unconditional Positive Regard- The therapist needs to have prostrate positive regard for the client. Acceptance, empathy and genuinene ss without judgement, is needed for the client to feel a higher sense of self-regard so they can realise that their self-worth was perverse by others.The therapist needs to accept the client for who they are now, not what they could become. Empathetic understanding- accurate empathy on behalf of the therapist can help the client believe that the therapist has unconditional love for them. Client Perception- If the therapist communicates to the client their unconditional regard and empathetic understanding to at least a minimal degree this is effective. In contrast cognitive-behavioural therapy is a direct approach where clients are taught how to think and behave in ways in which enables them to start out their goals.They are not told what it is they want, but instead how to achieve the goals they may have this develops a student (client) and teacher (therapist) relationship. In order for this to be successful, preventative techniques are used to ensure that the goals agreed with t he client is met. (Haaga and Davison1986, Meichenbaum 1986) These include dictatorial desensitization- a relaxation technique is taught to help the client to overcome anguish to enable them to extinguish their phobias. Once this has been learnt the client must use this to enable them to overcome these by using a fear hierarchy.Homework assignments- practicing techniques learnt in therapy between sessions. Experimenting with dissimilar self- statements in everyday situations. Thought stopping- instead of permit anxious thought take over the client learns to use something to shake up these thoughts such as flicking a rubber band on their wrist. thought-provoking irrational beliefs- the therapist tries to identify the clients irrational beliefs that are causing issues in their life and challenges it so that the client develops a less extreme way they view the problem.Reframing the issues getting the client to perceive a certain emotion as something different. An example of this is perceiving fear as excitement. In vivo exposure- going into passing fearful situations with the therapist whilst they are talking through cognitive-behavioural techniques to help you deal with the situation. Scaling feelings- placing present feeling of anxiety and rating them on a scale off 0-100 is an example of this. Rehearsing different self-statements in role-play in therapy sessions. assertiveness or social skills training.Although a therapeutic relationship is important in both practices, cognitive -behavioural therapists believe this is not sufficient enough alone(predicate) to help clients work through their problems, and while many therapists have different styles the main cognitive behavioural therapy programme have an outlined bodily structure in place. (Kuehnel and Liberman 1986 Freeman and Simon 1989,) which is the main focus. Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy is more client action orientated to produce a change in the way they think which accordingly will lead to a change in the way the client will behave.However in Person-centred therapy a therapeutic process is congeal in place as a series of stages. These stages help resurrect a therapeutic change in the client or a process of greater openness to experience (McLeod, J. 2008. ) (Rogers, C. 1951) considered the management of therapeutic developing as including the awareness of the clients of any experiences they have been denied. They stop seeing the institution in a generalised view and begin to see it differently. This enables them to swan on their personal experience to create their own set of values.These personal developments lead to a reorganization of self (Rogers, C. 1951) and is vital to develop new behaviours. In conclusion although both approaches to counselling realise that a counselling relationship is important, person-centred therapists believe that the counselling experience and effectiveness of the therapy is determined simply on that of the relationship. Cognitive-beh avioural therapists find, through past experiments other techniques, such as authoritative desensitization and behavioural self-control, are equally important to the success of the therapy.

Lowering the Drinking

The central plank of the debate is the determination of stripped mature of swallow. The society will be happier where the states interference is less and where it allows the full e humankindcipation and liberty to the citizens with qualified restrictions. The actions taken and legislations passed by the regimes argon just for the public assistance of the state with public policy. The heated discussion on Lowering the boozing is not a unused unmatchable and it came into spotlight with Jenna Bushs arrest for consuming alcohol and buying it with fake identification.The loving take theory says that men have right to the sovereign to organize them in better way. The sovereign was not a party to the constringe. The people classical and give up the right of governing themselves to the sovereign who came into being as a result of the contract. 1 It is given the right of make laws. Law is the bearing of general will.According to Rousseau A law is a resolution of the self-colored people, for the whole people, touching a matter that concerns all. Law moldiness relate to general interest. It represents the general will. The enactments of the government are merely a corollary of the general will.So the laws framed regarding the intoxication date as well should go with the general will.The national minimum topeing epoch act, 1984 give 21 geezerhood as the minimum duration of intoxication in USA. In m either countries there is no age restriction on the drinking and in countries like Indonesia, Malaysia it is 17 year. The present laws set the age of drinking as 21 2 and it was 24 long time back it came into force. And it is time get word back with the resent development in social as comfortably as technological development. There are several issues where the importance of age is taken into account. some of them are man and wifeAdult franchiseworking capital PunishmentMilitary ServicesThe above mentioned are very meaning(a) which are having affinity wit h the Society, Legislature, Judiciary and Executive (defense). They all electropositive the minimum age of their eligibilitys 18 years. But the age of drinking is declare as 21 years. The detailed discussion of them faces their importance and its relevance to the society.MarriageAccording to Black law dictionary, The legal union of a man and woman as husband and wife is called marriage. It is regarded as civil contract by the common law. The essentials of the valid marriage are1. the parties are de jure commensurate of contracting marriage2. mutual bear or agreement, and3. An essential contracting in the form prescribed by law.The essential The parties are legally capable of contracting marriage goes with lot of interpretation. The legally capable to contracting marriage in regarding the age varies from religion to religion in general and with the uniform civil code it is given to the states to make laws on their own.For a marriage minimum age, license, proof, application, c onsent for underage applicant is required.SEC. 3. (1) R. S. 1846, Chap. 83 (Amended by Act No. 44, P.A. 1956)Every psyche who becomes 18 years of age shall be capable by law of contracting marriage. Every person who becomes 16 years of age but is less than 18 years of age shall be capable of contracting marriage with the written consent of 1 of the parents of the person or the persons legal guardian, as provided in this section.3So the qualified age for marriage is 18 and even 16 is allowed with the prescribed procedure. Marriage is one of the important institutions in the society. If the a person is allowed to go with that important obligation and have the metal power, then why not a person is not allowed to drink at that age.VotingThe full-grown suffrage is the fullest conditional relation of democracy and it is the most striking feature implication of democracy and it is most striking feature of the constitution. The section 1, of the twenty-sixth amendment-reduction of bal lot age qualification gives the right of citizens of the linked States, who are eighteen years age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridge by the united states or by any state on account of age.4If the person is eligible to resolve which government he want and what will be the pros and cons of that government establishment, cant he guess on the drinking and the limits of the drinking. With the development of mass media each and every luff of manifesto are clearly analyzed and by taking that inputs single the people are voting. at present the leaders are to a fault center on the youth issue which shows their importance in the elections. Being so important decision makers of a future government they can also decide on the level of drinking. So the age of drinking should be brought down to the age of voting right.Capital PunishmentCapital penalisation is the highest punishment in the penology knows to man. It deprives the criminals life and existence. innovative Penol ogists, jurists, jurisprudents e.t.c preferred it for the grave and heinous crimes only. According to the reformative theory No one is a born criminal. A criminal is the product of the social and economical circumstances. Modern psycho-analysts, criminologists, sociologists e.t.c are behind this modern theory. The one of the recent case Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S 551(2005) the Supreme Court held that the minimum age at time of crime to be subject to the death penalisation is 18.The judiciary is regarded as best institution for its reasoning on any issue. If the court itself is defending the decision and declared that at age of 18 the person is reasonably prudent and he have total noesis about the society why cant it allow the person to drink at the age of 18. Now almost 19 states and federal government had set a minimum age of 18 for capital punishmentMilitary servicesThe person having 18 years of age is eligible to enter into the military services and can serve the nation up to 49 years. Even a person of 17 years of age, with enatic permission, can join the U.S. armed services. There is a strong present that a person with 18 years is serving the nation with commitment, responsibility and attitude to serve the nation. If this is the case cant a person with 18 cant have liberty drink.ConclusionIt is the time to re-look at the existing law with the advancement of the science and technology and improvement is the communicating has enhanced the capabilities of a person.5 The drinking problems can be reduced with alternate legislations. All people should not suffer due to few deterrents, so more though laws on the violators are a equitable measure. Now the people are in a position to decide what is good and what is bad by 18 years itself. If the person is able to decide on the marriage, voting and joining into defense services, he can also think as a prudent person on the drinking also. So the minimum age of drinking should be brought down to 18 years.Referenc es1.VD. Mahajan, origin of state, Political theory,(1988), 4th edition , S. Chand and Company.2. Radley Balko, Back to 18, A new chorus of critics says its time to lower the drinking age, April 12, 2007 < Marriage Laws, 2008 Washtenaw County, MIhttp//www.reason.com/ word/show/119618.html>3. Selected Michigan<http//ewashtenaw.org/government/clerk_register/cr_clklawsm.html> 4. Reduction Of Voting advance Qualification, 1995, United States Government Printing Office, http//www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/html/amdt26.html5. The Minimum sanctioned potable Age Debate, <http//ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jordanlt/alctwo.html> 1 VD. Mahajan, origin of state, Political theory,(1988), 4th edition , S. Chand and Company. 2 Radley Balko, Back to 18, A new chorus of critics says its time to lower the drinking age, April 12, 2007 http//www.reason.com/news/show/119618.html 3 Selected Michigan Marriage Laws, 2008 Washtenaw County, MIhttp//ewashtenaw.org/government/clerk_register/cr_clklaws m.html 4 Reduction Of Voting Age Qualification, 1995, United States Government Printing Office, http//www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/html/amdt26.html 5 The Minimum Legal Drinking Age Debate, http//ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jordanlt/alctwo.html

Cardio Workouts

By taking seaworthiness again this term, I feel that I sacrifice accomplished my goals that I set for myself and have gotten into a great routine I could label everyday over the summer. Now experienced exercising on for the most destiny all the cardio machines, I am able to effortlessly exercise through and through a drill for thirty minutes or more. For a particular(prenominal) goal this semester, I have desireed to succeed on levels 5-10, and I have actually reached level 10 on many occasions. level 10 is still obviously a challenge for me, just this right pushes me to continue.In quantify, I might even reach higher levels than this and I leave al one strive to do so. A nonher goal of mine was to lose a few pounds by the time I finished this correct. I think this is a check turned my list because whenever I workout now, I hardly feel any soreness on even near of the highest levels. I knew if I worked at this for an extended period of time, it would pay slay and the r esults would be the way I wanted them. Lastly, my next goal was to recover my legs into shape for when I play tennis in the summer. I want to have every part of my body in good soma to succeed and build up more even more pass in my calves.Mid-way through my progression in the second semester I got time-tested on how well I was working to attain my fitness goals. in one case indoors, working on the Arc Trainer and another time, jogging outdoors on the track. The hang monitor proved to fulfil if I was working out to my maximum potential and the goal for everyone was to reach a organize heart rate zone from 142-162. Outdoors, I tangle like it was a little tough to achieve a decent heart rate, but my average was 152 bpm. Also, my maximum heart rate was 185 and I accomplished this by steadily running at a faster speed.Both times getting tested were surprisingly not too difficult, but was definitely a challenge at one point. By doing this, I correctly positioned a strap tightl y around the upper part of my body and secured the heart rate watch around my wrist. While working out these twain times, I studyed to have the watch in close maintain to my body at all times, so I could receive an high-fidelity heart rate. Done trying mostly all of the cardio machines, I would rate my favorite is the slue Trainer because it really gets my legs and the rest of my body moving.The Arch Trainer enables me to experiment with different levels and adjusting until I acquire the straight-laced one that I am comfortable with. On the same note, I mavin my progression in overall fitness and wellness has enhanced a lot. First getting back into the swing of things in the beginning of the semester was a bit hard, but I managed to continue where I left off from the pervious term. Nevertheless, as time went on, I was still capable of increase my level at a steady pace. Plus, at the same time my calories that I burned increased to higher numbers and I felt amazing afterwards .I believe I should continue working out. Exercising is large when it comes to improving and extending good health and life span. Also, a healthy and proper diet is essential to this progression. Working out increases your heart rate and leads to do your heart stronger as a whole. As well, your muscles in every part of your body become strengthened while doing so. Eating right and forever working out, means becoming a healthier you and doing things you might not have been capable of doing before. I now appreciate these cardio machines and have a feel for which are best for me.Each day I try and workout to my greatest ability, no matter what program or level. When I look back on my cardio progress chart, I see what I have accomplished according to my goals that I set for myself in the beginning. I see exactly which machines I liked best, how varied the levels were on each day, the maintain I went, and from that the calories I burned. I have definitely learned rather a lot when i t comes to getting your body into proper condition. This fitness class taught me what it is like to be in shape and acquire the workouts I need to continue daily.

Economic development Essay

Smith (2002) follows the investigate structure in 1990 but narrows crush the explore range from rural area- aim data to industry-level data. This news make-up publisher provides further analysis from 1972 to 1992 at five-year intervals and foc rehearses on three specific unembellished-sensitive industries Biological products, Medicinal and Botanicals, and Pharmaceuticals. The results in the paper support the hypothesis of the previous studies in 1999. Moreover, one of the mainly differences amongst this paper and the previous studies, as mentioned above, is the measure of plain of invention rights magnate.The level of open rights security measures varies from countries to countries. In practice, there are ii methods to measure the sheer rights index Rapp-Rozek index and Ginarte-Park index. Maskus and Penubartis research (1995) and Smith (1999 & 2001) on the whole adopt Rapp and Rozek index but this paper measures transparent rights index by Ginarte-Park index. I n fact, two unembellished rights indices have been used in many another(prenominal) verifiable literatures rough unembellished rights.The Rapp and Rozek index will be heedful by six features coverage of inventions, examination procedures, and term of protection, transferability of rights, compulsory licensing, and efficient enforcement against infringement (Smith, P. J. 1999). On the side, the scores of Ginarte and Park index will be determined by five features membership in international treaties, coverage, and restrictions on patent rights, enforcement and duration of protection. The sum score is zero through five.The high(prenominal)(prenominal) total points indicate stronger patent protection (Park, W. G. , 2008). Smiths consequence verifies that there is no signifi burn downt difference between using two patent rights indices. Notwithstanding, comparing with Rapp and Rozek index, Ginarte-Park index which merger the important international patent laws and agreement i nto the evaluation is used in this paper. Rafiquzzaman (2002) examines the amount of export of Canada to 76 countries in 1990 according to 22 categories in 2-digit level of the Standard industrial Classification (SIC) Codes.The explanatory variables are gross national income, population size, patent rights, tariff rate and distance. It is worth noting that Rafiquzzaman compare the results of two different index of patent right as well and then find the correlation between Rapp-Rozex index for 1984 and Ginarte-Park index for 1990 is 0. 78. In other words, using all Rapp-Rozex index or Ginarte-Park index to estimate countrys patent protection has no signifi firet difference, as Smiths finding. The conclusion of this study provides support for verifying Smiths hypothesis in 1999.That is to say, an increase in patent rights often leads in an increase in Canadas exports, in particular if importing countries have high frugal study levels and strong affrights to imitation. After revie wing the theoretical research and existing semiempirical literatures, the effect of patent rights business leader be positive or negative, even up be ambiguous. It skill depend on some characteristics of importing countries countrys economic developments levels, strength of patent rights and local imitation pressure, for example.This paper attempts to extend Smiths research in 1999 but use different database. Besides, this paper adopts up-to-date data (2005) to examine the relationship between the strength of patent right and international trade which does the result as the same as Smiths research in 1999, 2001, and 2002. This research structure can help governments have an overall picture to consider the relationship between economic growth and the strength of patent rights. As discussed above, effects of patent rights are defined in early empirical studies are commercialise expansion and market advocate.In principle, market power and expansion effects can be briefly explai ned in two aspects learn and supply in economics. The market expansion effect can be defined that market shares of patent holders will rise when the patent rights protection in importing countries is improved. The advanced rights of patent generate higher salutes of imitation to competitors and encourage, promote and attract much(prenominal) foreign applied science to importing countries. In other words, less(prenominal) imitation not but implies an increased demand for exports because of humiliate costs, but also infers an increased supply.It is because exporters save anti-imitative costs such as monitor costs, enforcement costs and costs to forestall copying and imitation. In a standard demand and supply model, cost reduction leads a right shift both in demand and supply line. On the other hand, improved patent rights protection might produce monopolistic market power and contribute to a more concentrated market because of higher technical and cost barriers to entry. Fro m the standard monopoly model, it can be seen that the sold quantity of monopolistic enterprises would be always less than the society optimum quantity in lay out to sell products at prices plus monopoly mark up.There is a monopolistic tactics to increase firms profit is to beat selling quantity down in order to raise price. Hence, market power effect will confer more market power on the patent holders and then result in a reduction of the amount of export. In this article, we collect data sets from US exports and study three forms of bilateral trade equations to test three hypotheses about the relationship between exports and patent rights in relation to income development, imitative abilities, and threat of imitation, respectively.The first hypothesis which examines the relation between patent rights and country development is based on Maskus and Penubartis research (1995) and Smiths research (1999). The other two hypotheses are based on Smiths research (1999) to drive the degr ee of threat of imitation and imitative abilities into account. dead reckoning 1- interaction between exports and patent rights with relation to countrys level of development In this section, I suppose a countrys development of patent rights positively respond to its economic development.We assume that countries with higher economic development would pay more attention on patent reform. In addition, higher-income unquestionable countries possess much pecuniary resources than lower-income countries. As imagined, higher-income developed nations are likely to control up great majority expenditure and performance on research and development in the world. Otherwise, developing countries take ambiguous attitudes towards the worlds patent reform. As discussed above, a jumpy debate originates in some doubts with regard to effects of patent protection from developing countries.A patent reform in developing countries might attract foreign investment and international trade, but it might stop economic development in local industry as well. Besides, lower income economies seem to relatively lack non natural resources such as financial and technological resources. It is said that higher income countries possess some degree of market power because of these unique competitive advantages such as patent, financial resources or higher technical capacities. Hence, referring to above assumptions, higher income developed nations pose stronger patent protection than lower income countries have.

Input And Output Devices Of A Computer Essay

The c all(prenominal) input and payoff be employd both asverbs to report the process of immortalizeing / periling the data. nouns referring to the data itself entered into /displayed by the information processing system.Input DevicesInput devices atomic number 18 necessary to convert information or data in to a form which hind end be understood by the computer. A bang-up input device should provide timely, dead-on(prenominal) and designful data to the briny memory of the computer for processing.KeyboardKeyboard is the standard input device attached to all computers. The layout of a keyboard is just the like the traditional facewriter of the type QWERTY. It everyplacely contains approximately extra command keys and function keys. It contains a total of 101 to 104 keys.You gain to press correct combination of keys to input data. The computer bed neck the electrical signals corresponding to the correct key combination and processing is do accordingly. The computer k eyboard is utilize to enter school text information into the computer. The keyboard digest also be accustom to type commands directing the computer to perform reliable actions. Commands argon typically chosen from an on- block out menu using a crawl, simply in that location be often keyboard shortcuts for giving these same commands. keyboards usually reach a numeric key plod, a bank of editing keys, and a language of function keys along the top. Laptop computers dont have manner for large keyboards.they intromit a fn key so that other keys croup perform double duty. just about keyboards attach to the PC via a PS/2 connector or USB port.Pointing DevicesThe graphical giver interfaces (GUIs) in use today requires some kind of device for positioning the on-screen cursor. Typical pointing devices argonmouse,trackball,touch pad,trackpoint, prowess tablet, marijuana cig bette,touch screen.Pointing devices atomic number 18 connected to a PC via a serial ports (old), PS/2 mo use port (newer), or USB port (newest).MouseA mouse is an input device that is use on personal computer. It ruffles on a itty-bitty ball and has ii or three b atomic number 18lytons on the top. When rolled crossways a planar surface the screen censors the mouse moves in the direction of mouse movement. In older mice, a ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls on the surface as it moves. internal rollers sense the ball movement and expect the information to the computer via the cord of the mouse. The newer optical mouse uses a easygoing up and a splendid optical sensor to detect the motion of the mouse by tracking a flyspeck send off of the desk surface. Optical mice parry the problem of dirty mouse ball, which causes regular mice to roll unsmooth. A cordless or wireless mouse communicates with the computer via radio waves. such mice enquire internal batteries.A mouse also includes wizard or much exactlytons (and possibly a scroll wheel) to allow users to interact with the GUI. The traditional PC mouse has two buttons, while the traditional Macintosh mouse has one button. On either type of computer you can also use mice with three or more buttons and a slender scroll wheel. jibe padMost laptop computer computers have a touch pad pointing device.  Moving the on-screen cursor is done by sliding a thumb along the surface of the touch pad. The buttons are located below the pad, but intimately touch pads allow you to perform mouse clicks by tapping on the pad itself. Touch pads have the advantage over mice that they take up much less room to use. They have the advantage over trackballs that there are no moving parts to get dirty and sequel in jumpy cursor control.TrackpointSome sub-notebook computers, which lack room for horizontal a touch pad, incorporate a trackpoint. a small preventative projection embedded between the keys of the keyboard. The trackpoint acts like a little joystick that can be employ to control the position of the on-s creen cursor.TrackballTrackball is sort of like an upside-down mouse, with the ball located on top. A is fingers is used to roll the trackball, and internal rollers sense the motion which is circulari fastened to the computer. Trackballs have the advantage over mice in that the body of the trackball remains stationary on a desk, so much room is not admited to use the trackball. Early laptop computers often used trackballs.Touch screenSome computers, especially small hand-held PDAs, have touch sensitive display screens. The user can make choices and press button exposures on the screen. Stylus is often used, which you tolerate like a pen, to write on the surface of a small touch screen.Graphics tabletA graphics tablet consists of an electronic writing area and a special pen that works with it. A graphics tablet allows artists to create graphical images with motions and actions similar to using more traditional drawing tools.JoysticksJoysticks and other game controllers can al so be connected to a computer as pointing devices. They are generally used for playing games, and not for imperative the on-screen cursor in productivity software program.ScannersA scanner is a device that images a imprinted page or graphics by digitizing it, producing an image made of tiny pixels of different brightness and emblazon values which are represented numerically and sent to the computer. Scanners scan graphics and pages of text which are consequently run through OCR (Optical section Recognition) software that identifies the individual letter shapes and creates a text file of the pages contents. The common optical scanner devices areMagnetic sign Character Recognition (MICR),Optical Mark ref (OMR) ,Optical Character Reader (OCR).Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)This is widely used by banks to process large volumes of cheques and drafts. Cheques are put inside the MICR, as they enter the reading unit, the cheques pass through the magnetic field which causes the read detail to recognize the character of the cheques.Optical Mark Reader (OMR)This technique is used when students have appeared in objective type tests and they had to mark their answer by darkening a square or circular space by pencil. These answer sheets are directly fed to a computer for marker where OMR is used.Optical Character Recognition (OCR)This technique unites the direct reading of each printed character. Suppose you have a set of hand written characters on a piece of piece. You put it inside the scanner of the computer. This pattern is compared with a site of patterns stored inside the computer. Whichever pattern is matched is called a character read. Patterns that cannot be identify are rejected.MicrophoneA microphone is attached to a computer to record lumbering.The kick the bucket is digitized and stored in the computer to later processing and playback. midi DevicesMIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a system designed to transmit informatio n between electronic musical theater instruments. A MIDI musical keyboard can be attached to a computer and allow a performer to play music that is captured by the computer system as a sequence of notes with the associated timing.Output DevicesVisual Display Unit (VDU)The most popular output device is the VDU.The VDU is also called monitor.Monitor is used to display the input data and to receive messages from the computer. It has its own box which is separate from the main computer system and is connected to the computer by a cable. In some systems it is compact with the system unit.It can be colourise or monochrome.cathode-ray tube MonitorTraditional output device of a personal computer has been the CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitor. It contains a large cathode pecker tube that uses an electron beam of varying strength to paint a picture onto the vividness phosphorescent dots on the inside of the screen. CRT monitors are heavy and use more electrical power than prostrate embelli sh displays. CRT are preferred by some graphic artists for their accurate color rendition, and preferred by some gamers for faster response to quickly changing graphics. Monitor screen size is measured diagonally across the screen, in inches. Not all of the screen area may be usable for image display, so the viewable area is also specified.The dissolvent of the monitor is the maximum number of pixels it can display horizontally and vertically (such as 800 x 600, or 1024 x 768, or 1600 x 1200). Most monitors can display several resolutions below its maximum setting. Pixels (Picture Elements) are the small dots that make the image displayed on the screen. The spacing of the screens tiny phosphor dots is called the dot pitch (dp), typically .28 or .26 (measured in millimeters). A screen with a smaller dot pitch bewilders sharper images.Computer must produce a icon signal that a monitor can display. This may be handled by circuitry on the motherboard, but is usually handled by a vi deo card in one of the computers expansion slots often the slot is a special one employ to video use, such as an AGP slot (Accelerated Graphics Port). Video separate are also called video display adapters, and graphics cards. Many video cards contain separate processors and dedicated video memory for generating labyrinthian graphics quickly without burdening the CPU. directly Panel MonitorA flavorless venire display usually uses an liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display) screen to display output from the computer. The LCD consists of several thin layers that polarize the light exceedingly through them. The polarization of one layer, containing long thin molecules called liquid crystals, can be controlled electronically at each pixel, blocking varying amounts of the light to make a pixel lighter or darker. Other types of flat panel technology exist (such as plasma displays) but LCDs are most comm unaccompanied used in computers, especially laptops. Older LCDs had lessen response times and low contrast, but active matrix LCD screens have a transparent thin film transistor (TFT) controlling each pixel, so response, contrast, and viewing angle are much improved. Flat panel displays are much lighter and less bulky than CRT monitors. They consume much less power.They are more expensive than CRTs, but the price gap is narrowing. The display size of a flat panel is expressed in inches, and the resolution is the number of pixels horizontally and vertically on the display.TerminalsTerminal is a very popular interactive output unit.It is dissever into two types gruelling reduplicate margeinals.soft copy terminals.A hard copy terminal provides a printout on paper.A soft copy terminals provides visual copy on monitor.PrinterPrinter is an important output device used to get a printed copy of the processed text or result on paper. There are different types of printers that are designed for different types of applications Depending on their speed and ap proach of printing. printers are sort asimpact.non-impact printers.Impact printersImpact printers use the familiar typewriter approach of lb a typeface against the paper and inked ribbon. Dot-matrix printers are of this type.  Dot matrix printers use small electromagnetically activated pins in the print head, and an inked ribbon, to produce images by impact. These printers are slow and noisy, and are not commonly used for personal computers anymore they can print multi-layer forms, which neither ink jet nor optical maser printers can.Non-impact printersNon-impact printers use electro-static chemicals and ink-jet technologies. Laser printers and Ink-jet printers are of this type.This type of printers can produce color printing and elaborate graphics.Ink Jet PrinterFor hardcopy output, you need some kind of printer attached to the computer. The most common type of printer for home systems is the color ink jet printer. These printers form the image on the page by spraying tiny droplets of ink from the print head. The printer needs several colors of ink (cyan, yellow, magenta, and cruddy) to make color images. Some photo- character ink jet printers have more colors of ink. Ink jet printers are inexpensive, but the cost of consumables (ink cartridges and special paper) makes them costly to melt in the long run for many purposes.Laser PrinterA laser printer produces good quality images by the same technology that photocopiers use. A drum coated with photosensitive material is charged, and then an image is written onto it by a laser (or LEDs) which makes those areas lose the charge. The drum then rolls through toner (tiny plastic particles of pigment) that is attracted to the charged areas of the drum. The toner is then deposited onto the paper, and then fused into the paper with heat.Most laser printers are monochrome, but more expensive laser printers with multiple color toner cartridges can produce color output. Laser printers are faster than ink jet pri nters.Their speed is rated in pages per minute (ppm).They are more expensive than ink jets, but they are cheaper to run in the long term if you just need good quality black & white pages.Other PrintersMulti-function printers are available that not only operate as a computer printer, but also include the hardware needed to be a scanner, photocopier, and FAX machine as well.Sound OutputComputers also produce sound output, ranging from simple beeps vigilance the user, to impressive game sound effects, to concert quality music. The circuitry to produce sound may be included on the motherboard, but high quality audio output from a PC usually requires a sound card in one of the expansion slots, connected to a set of good quality external speakers or headphones. Multimedia is a term describing computer output that includes sound, text, graphics, movies, and animation. A sound card is an example of a multimedia output device .

Against School essay

Rhetoric and Composition 1020 18 September 2012 bear any student in public high direct what they a resembling(p) and dislike active school. Odds atomic number 18, they allow say that what they enjoy close about(predicate) school is the social interactions it allows them to take part in, and what they dislike about school is the classes. washbowl Taylor Gatto, in Against School How semipublic Education Cripples our Kids, and Why, discusses the reasons for such(prenominal)(prenominal) boreom in an in depth manner. Most of the time, nowadays, it is non the get of work that they find developed a disliking for, it is the time that being in class wastes.Sitting in a class doing busy work is not something that interests concourse. The problem with schooling in this day in age, is that many of the students go to public schools are not being challenged and brought to their intact potential. Teachers get bored of teaching and students get bored of doing work that is not going to expediency them in any way after they graduate high school. whoremonger Taylor Gatto gives a brief summary of the history of schooling and a speck that, in rewrite to better our children academically, teachers need to urge their students to take on the work that may seem more grown up. Schooling first-year started taking off in the United States between 1905 and 1915. American capable its desire of public schooling from the Prussians, much like other separate of its culture. John Taylor Gatto states that the three reasons schooling came about was to beget good citizenry, to make good citizens, and to make each person his or her personal best. In all reality, however, Gatto says that the worst thing taken from the Prussians was the schooling system. John Taylor Gatto brings about the question of why is forced school necessary? The six classes a day, five days a week, nine months out of the year. He proves his run by saying that two million homeschool students turned ou t in force(p) fine, along with many other names that Americans can recognize such as George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Gatto states that forced schooling alone enforces a deadly routine. He also argues that while most people fella the term success with schooling t here(predicate) are many people who are just as successful as the next who have not had as much schooling as expect.He probes the questions why, then, do Americans put off education with just such a system? What exactly is the employment of our public schools? John Taylor Gatto explains that we so eagerly have adopted champion of the very worst aspects of Prussian culture an educational system designedly designed to produce mediocre intellects, to hamstring the inner life, to deny students appreciable leadership skills, and to ensure docile and incomplete citizensall in order to render the populace manageable. While schooling is provided to enhance the intellects, it rea lly is only designed to create mediocre ones.Parents and students should not have to go through the schooling proccess if it is not going to push them to be their absolute best. Without the proper(a) schooling, it is harder for anyone to begin a career. Gatto explains that teachers do not guide their students to reach their full potential, but rather just give them the information to reach it. Whether they demand to strive for excellence is their choice, but teachers in this century do not push them towards their goals. Ultimately, teachers need to care more about their students futures and academic success.Next, John Taylor Gatto unwraps the logistics of public schooling and the actual purpose of forced schooling in six basic exercises. These subprograms are the adjustive or adaptive billet which establishes reactions to authority. Teachers have the ability to teach their children to do anything, whether that is to learn or to do reckless things. Children look up to the teach ers because they know that they are superior to them, therefore they react and respond to everything they say and do. It is difficult for parents to send their children to school because they are putting their trust in adults they have never met.Within forced schooling, it is apparent that students and teachers disagree, and even more likely that a parent will intervene when they do not feel as if the teacher is responding adequately to the students needs. The abet function is the integrating function. The schooling system is the definition of conformity. Children come to school everyday at the same time and preform almost undistinguishable basic functions in each classroom. They are taught when to talk, when to learn, when to eat, when to socialize, and they all listen and do what they are told and what is normal for them.Students see how other people are playing to certain situations, and then mimic those actions to blend in with the rest of the school. The diagnostic and di rective function deals with social roles. During their schooling, children realize what role they play and where they ensure in socially. Specifically, high school is the institution where students realize the kind of people they are and what groups they will belong to, what friends they will have, and what everyone else will think of them. The differentiating function sorts the students according to their role and they are only taught as far as they can be as a group and no further.Gatto states here that this undermines the purpose of pushing students to their personal best. The selective function is exactly what it sounds like selection, like Darwinism. If a student falls short of academic expectations, they watch poor grades and other punishments. The purpose of school is to enrich the students minds, and if they cannot do what is expected of them, they do not receive the benefits of those who do. The final function is the propaedeutic function. This function states that ultim ately some of the students who attend school for the full twelve years will cary out the roles of authority some day.Ultimately what John Taylor Gatto argues throughout this essay, is the idea that boredom derives from the source. If a student is bored, it is because he or she is not doing anything the stir up themselves, and same goes for the teachers. He suggests that in order to improve the lives of both, teachers need to introduce harder materials to the students. Not only will it keep them occupied and far from boredom, it will encourage them to reach beyond what is easy. Work Cited Gatto, John Taylor. Against School How Public Education Cripples our Kids, and Why. Harpers Magazine. Sep. 2003 33-38. Print.

Conflict Resolution Assignment

Finally they do the same job in that respectfore there s a possibility of manoeuverplace competition causing competitiveness. Although the or so obvious sign of the conflict is the argument between the colleagues there whitethorn get hold of been signs before this. Unfortunately there is non enough range discipline given about the history, however it could be speculated that someone could consecrate left the intention before John and therefore was unhappy in their role and relationships at work. I would hope as a managing director would have been able to identify and resolve this conflict before it got to this stage. merely the role strength also be new, if this is the case microphone eight be pillowcased to working on his own and therefore might flavor he does not need any help. This could have included a meeting that turns into a stand- off or angry emails to individually otherwise. However collectable to Mikes personality the conflict could have been harder to di scover for example, Mike have withdrawn from contact with John however from John perspective this is average behavior from Mike. Any change from normal behavior could be a sign of conflict or an douse therefore would consider this as a sign.Sign of conflict When John finally appears, Mike tells him hes not liberation to cover for IM anymore and there is an argument. The cost of this conflict might already be taking place through a loss of productively, pauperization and them not giveing to work for each other. John stating Just do your Job could be a sign this is already hipping. Dealing with employee conflict in a timely manner is consequential to maintaining a healthy work surround preventing the point getting worse resulting in staff illness or even one member of staff leaving.By spotting signs of conflict early, you have a better chance of identifying the cause, reaching an agreement, resolving the conflict. It is important to deal with the situation rather than the per son, be a calming posture and that you try to build mutual respect and transforming between Mike and John. Being courteous to each of them and remain constructive. Sometimes it might be better to speak to them individually to get the facts before exploring the options together and negociate how they are to work together.Through this process active listening is important to understand both Johns and Mikes position as well as them understanding each others. My role would be to Restate, paraphrase, summarize. This verbal ascend is called the Interest-Based Relational (FIR) Approach. This will be particularly important in John and Mikes situation because it prize individual differences and focuses on the mutual problem rather than the person. It is important feeling at the circumstances, and think about the style that may be grab.Then use a process to resolve the conflict. The Thomas-Killing Conflict Resolution flairl could be used to do this. It is important understand a person s natural style. From the information in the narrative John is likely to take a competing come near this is assertive and uncooperative an individual pursues his own concerns at the other persons expense. This approach is unlikely to be effective for John to use because it is a power-oriented mode where John holds no rank. However it is an approach that could take as a middle manager with supervision responsibilities.This is not an approach I would initially take, barely could do if other methods fail. The other approach could be to be accommodating, the individual neglects his own concerns to satisfy the concerns of the other person. If any of the party did this it is not likely to resolve the issue. The accommodating party might feel the situation has not been dealt with and the conflict still remain. Mike had been Avoiding the issue for a objet dart which had caused anger to build up and the argument to erupt.If took the same approach due to the differences in value and person alities they are not likely to resolve the issue themselves and the problem is not likely to go away. A more appropriate approach might be to collaborate to work with others to find a solution that fully satisfies their concerns. For example Fijian arrives late John might agree to stay on later. The final option could be to compromise. For example an agreement might be made where John arriving 5 proceeding late is not an issue, but John might agree not to arrive 20 minutes late.Thus finding a middle ground. Having an open(a) discussion with Mike and John might help identify other problems that need to be resolved, but also promote understanding and travel them to work more efficiently. It is important to keep a close plaza on the situation including having formal one to one meetings, receiving feedback from other employees, but also ensuing they value each others difference to the extent they sess work with each other threaten to improve the work environment and the performance of the business.

Female characters Essay

The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini is a legend published in 2003 which tells the study of Amir, a two-year-old Afghan boy with a traumatic past, a guilty conscience, a war-stricken homeland and a low future. The Kite Runner explores creationy different issues throughout the novel sensation such issue is the delegation of females. Females clear be seen as natural goods, and be oft shown as marginalized, weak, demeaned, and subject to many an(prenominal) forficate standards in todays society, and throughout earlier history.The Kite Runner shows the imagination of female representation through the developwork forcet and construction of make and female characters, combined with the move and culture in the novel. The idea of marginalized female representation is in same manner shown in different texts such as A muddle to Learn, and village, tout ensemble of which apply character construction to portray these ideas. The Kite Runner portrays the idea of females as c osmos marginalized in many different cases. There are moreover two females that have any backstory or focus in the hold The Kite RunnerAmirs wife Soraya, and Sorayas mother.Hassans wife is also menti aned briefly. The fact that women are not focused on, and however mentioned in the novel also show that in Afghan culture, women do not black market a blown-up role, they barely blend into the background and do as they are told. Hassans wife, Farzana, is draw as a shy cleaning lady, courteous, and spoke in a voice just barely higher than a whisper. It seems that she cooks, cleans, and does most of the basic housework. The fact that she is so shy, polite, and quiet shows how women have been brought up in this culture.Farzana has been brought up to copy men, and to declaim scarcely when spoken to, to be polite and courteous, and to al tracks be virtuous. The only time Farzana stood up for herself, and her family, was when Hassan was piece of cake by the Taliban. She came screa ming and attacked them and the Taliban promptly shot her. The fact that the men could so easily and quickly shoot a woman, who was precisely defending her house and family, shows again the way that women whitethorn be seen as close worthless in the Afghan society. Soraya Taheri, Amirs wife, on the other hand, was the complete opposite of Farzana.When we first meet Soraya, she is described as a slim-hipped beauty, decent, hardworking and kind, with a princess-like beauty to her, and she speaks with confidence, which is unlike each of the other Afghan women described in the story. Soraya has a past that she, and everyone around her, is ashamed of. After arriving in America, Soraya maxim the care-free environment, the way that women were accept, and Soraya realized that peradventure she herself could have independence too. Soraya ran away to Virginia at the age of 18 she was rebellious, she felt that she should be allowed to be independent.When she returns to her family and moves to California, the rumours cattle farm like wildfire. All of the Afghanis here about Sorayas shameful act, and everywhere she goes, whispers follow her. No suitable suitors look at her doorstep, and no one forgets her mis suck. Its so fucking unfair, she says, and it really is. A double standard in this society, where the men can do whatever they interest and no one does a god damn thing, and when a woman does something of the same nature, they are shunned. There is a small measure of talk about Babas wife, who died giving birth to Amir.The Afghan fraternity claimed that Baba would never be able to sweep up a woman like her she was virtuous, clever, studying at university, and to to pit all off, she was of royal blood. Baba finally does marry this woman though, and refers to her as his princess. The way that this marriage ceremony is described accentuates the idea that men want women the way they would want material goods. The marriages are described almost as if the men ar e simply picking an determination, and showing state object off to the world. Gertrude is seen as unequal to the the almost all-male cast.Gertrude is a female character from Shakespeares famous capriole Hamlet. The play is set in Denmark, early 14th century, and tells the story of a young prince, Hamlet, who gets a call on the carpet from his dead fathers ghost, and realizes that not all is right in the state of Denmark. Gertrude is Hamlets mother, and the queen of Denmark. After the death of her hubby King Hamlet, Gertrude quickly remarries to the Kings brother Claudius. Hamlet depicts this fulminant remarriage as betrayal, unfaithfulness, and the breaking of sacred vows.He sprightlinesss disgusted that his mother would bewail so little, and move on so fast, and hatred for his mother beings to grow. The play Hamlet has been created so that we, as readers, see Hamlets draw a bead on of view, but we do not see the way that the other characters think. I believe that this sudde n remarriage was not simply because Gertrude was seduced, but because Gertrude could not go along her position of power without a male by her side of meat. If we had Gertrudes side of the story, I think we would realize that there were other motives to Gertrudes marriage to Claudius.Gertrude could not depart the state of Denmark, or even the castle, without a man in power with her in the time Hamlet was set in, women were often demeaned, and were never seen as equals. To keep the state functioning as a whole, Gertrude realized she would need a new king to rule. Gertrude also may have realized how easy it would be for another man to take advantage if they controlled Gertrude, they could control the state. Her marriage to Claudius at least guaranteed that the state was run by someone she trusted and could see as a ruler.none of these ideas were explicitly stated, because Gertrude was never really given a chance to defend herself and her actions, due to Hamlet being the focus of the story. Frailty, thy name is woman, Hamlet says, referring to poor Gertrude. He refers to the way that Gertrude was moulded so quickly to anothers allow, the way her confidence faltered so soon, and how weak Gertrude really was. Hamlet is a character that has no respect for women. He holds a grudge against his mother, and as the play progresses, these dark feelings that he feels towards his mother grow stronger.Hamlet starts to feel so strongly to his mother betraying him, that he starts to apply this idea to all women, even weak Ophelia. He seems to be under the impression that, though women are frail, weak, and delicate, all women deceive and take part in treachery. He does love Ophelia, but in the end, he feels that Ophelia would betray him, as all women do. He is applying a stereotype to all women, saying that they are will of weak and physical being, and treacherous at heart. Ophelia is also doted on sooner a lot by her father and brother.Both men enounces Ophelia about stay ing virtuous, warning her not to lose her heart, but this is, again, a double standard. Laertes especially is being quite the hypocrite, since he, as a young man, would have been messing around with many young missys, and not had it held against him since it was socially accepted for men. Polonius also lectures Ophelia to keep her chastity, and talks to her as one would talk to a young infant. He depicts Ophelia as being weak, destitute, naught more than a child, and often gloats to the King Claudius about how dutiful and obedient Ophelia is as a daughter, as if she has no will of her own.He seems to be demeaning her, without even consciously meaning to, and Ophelia takes no offense to it in that day and age, girls were simply brought up to accept it. The object Ophelia, Hamlet refers to Ophelia at one point. He says this the way he would say the object of his affections. He seems to be referring, in time again, to material goods, to objects, as if Ophelia is simply another pri ze he can add to his trophy cabinet. He also uses a great bulk of sexual innuendos when around Ophelia, but neither Ophelia or any other members of the court find it offensive or out of context.He lays his interrogative upon her lap and whispers comments that are obviously making her uncomfortable, but Ophelia never objects, simply because it was normal for women to be taken advantage of. Just like Ophelia being referred to as an object, the short story A Lot to Learn depicts an innocent girl as yet another material good. A Lot to Learn is a story about Ned Quinn, a scientist that has created the Materializer, a large machine that can create anything at the push of a button. The story tells the tale of Ned experimenting with the machine, and wishing for a girl.Before Ned mutters the word girl, he wishes for cash, then a martini, then beer. These are two conventional goods that a person would probably wish for if he could have anything money and alcohol. When Ned wishes for this girl, after wishing for two in-demand material goods, he seems to be move a subtle message that perhaps he sees women as nothing more than objects of desire, yet another material good instead of a sentient being. If his experiment was a success, Ned would most likely hold on to this girl the way one would hold onto a trophy a record of his achievements, simply for memories sake.The idea of being nothing more than an object is terribly demeaning, and another show of dominance from males. Women are very subtly discriminated and marginalized in this short story. As well as the idea of the girl being simply an object, Ned seems to be under the impression that this girl would obey him. Before wishing for a girl, Ned did not stop to think that maybe the girl would scream, or run in terror, or struggle he simply assumed that the girl that appeared would obey. This is a show of Ned believing that women are weak both physically and mentally.This shows an immediate message about dominance, the way that Ned believes that this girl would do exactly as he wished. He seemed to be under the impression that because he was a man, he is strong, powerful, and has a wiz of dignity and respect, therefor meaning that the woman that he expected to appear would simply obey. Ned seems to be very confident in himself and his invention. Though he is nervous as he wishes for each new object, he seems to be under the impression that everything will turn out fine. Ned comes across a slight hitch, however, when he mutters the word girl.In our society today, the word girl often refers to woman, not literally a girl or child. Its a misconception, just a word in our culture that has demonstrable to mean something else from the original meaning. Ned obviously does not want the small, innocent child that appears in the machine, as he curses Hell . Referring to a woman as girl is almost demeaning in a way. The fact that Ned wishes for a girl as well is slightly disturbing. Upon reading it, mo st volume would immediately assume that Ned wants this girl for nefarious purposes, to fulfil a thaumaturgy or something of that drift.This is another symbol of the female representation being marginalized, shoved deflexion as the weaker gender. All of these different characters from these three stories easily show the idea of females being marginalized and disenfranchised. Characters such as Ned Quinn, Hamlet, and General Sahib are constructed to be preponderating over the female characters. The settings and culture, when combined with these strong male characters, show the many double-standards that exist between females and males, and also show the idea of females being equal as trophy objects.

Othello protagonist Essay

The protagonist of the gaming, Othello is a man trapped by his own weaknesses rather than a victim of circumstance. Even though the situations that Othello finds himself in are not ideal and contribute to his downfall, it is his own fatal disfigures that discontinue up destroying him. In act 3 injection 3 Iago starts to limit a seed of doubt in Othellos mind to the highest degree his wife Desdemona and her infidelity. Iago proceeds to ask Othello, Did Michael Cassio, when you wooed my lady, know of you love? This question instanter acts Othello to become suspicious.Iago then follows with a series of rhetorical questions that enrage Othello as well increase the doubt that is building up in his mind. By the end of this scene we see one of Othellos weaknesses present itself, jealousy. This grouchy flaw becomes one of the major contributions to Othellos downfall. By the end of the play jealousy has clouded his judgment and taken over his perspective on everything. At first Othe llo insists that he needs proof of the alleged encounter but quickly changes his mind. Must be to loathe her. O bane of marriage.Act 4 scene 1, Iago informs Othello that Desdemona and Cassio have slept together and he has seen that she has given Cassio the hankey Othello gave her when they first fell in love. All this news that Iago keeps telling him sends Othello murder into a rant, Ist possible? Confess? Handkerchief? O chafe After this his falls into a trance. This is the moment when all Othellos insecurities, fears and aversions as well as the obvious lack of judgment that a drawing card is assumed to have combine to create this kind of epileptic fit.In this scene stage directions are used to help the reader image what is going on for a dramatic effect. Two of Othellos flaws that cause this downfall are passion and gullibility. These feelings enabled Iago fill his head with lies that caused him to get so worked up that he lost control. In act 5 scene 1 Iago had convinced Othello that he would kill Cassio and that Othello had to kill Desdemona. Othello begins this scene with a soliloquy, reflecting and attempting to justify his decision to kill her. Othello refers to Desdemona as start. Put out the light and then put out he light. So redolence we neer so fatal. Othello describes how she was so sweet but her actions caused so much pain. Before he kills her, Othello makes sure she has prayed or confessed so that she lead go to heaven. I will not kill thy unprepared spirit. Othellos blind faith in Iago is the flaw that leads all his other weaknesses to rising to the surface and in the end the inevitable happens. Othello, once a bang-up man, falls. Desdemona speak for one last time in the play. A acquitted death I die. This quote enforces the reality of what has just taken place.This clear woman was a victim because of another mans weakness. In this play it is clear what jealousy and misguided trust can do to a person. These weaknesses, along wit h others, are the reason for Othellos downfall. Each flaw produced another weakness or doubt. The fact that Othello was manipulated to be part of Iagos plan for revenge only accelerated the speed of his demise. The fatal unite of passion, jealousy, insecurity as well as how easily he could be manipulated caused Othello to be a man snared by his own weaknesses.

Confessions – Aurelius Augustine

26 November 2007 The Measure of a Woman In one of his close famous works, Confessions, Aurelius Augustine maps out important expound and happenings throughout his keep in address to his loved ones and his immortal. An undeniable aspect of his sustenance is the influence of his get down, Monica, and her seting on life, love, and death. If compared to early(a) famous female figure in the Christian life, such as Rebekah, the gravel of Jacob, Monicas virtues of industry and eternal perspective shine through, revealing her Biblical cod of marriage and her hubby.Augustine commends his drives virtues and lifestyle, providing an congresswoman for women everywhere to carefully consider. Monica shows one of the to the highest degree difficult qualities in life to possess- enterprise. She demonstrates sedulousness toward her male child, Augustine, in her continual prayer and interference for his salvation. In his Confessions, Augustine describes his mothers prayers flu x with tears as he sets swing for Rome (5. 1232). Despite his departure, she continues to seek immortal for His role in the life of her son. Her application is rewarded years later when Augustine fin every last(predicate)y comes to do it the Lord.When Augustine brings her the good news, she is filled with triumphant jubilance (8. 1238). Ultimately Monica realizes that paragon has done to a greater extent than she could ever imagine. In Carl G. Vaughts The voyage Toward immortal in Augustines Confessions take for I-VI, he presents the sizeableness of Augustines consanguinity with his mother concerning his conversion. He proposes that because of his relationship with his mother Augustine begins to move beyond Skellenger 2 home and era toward the positive relationship with immortal that Monica wants him to embrace (68).No doubt Monicas patience influences her son to embark on his journeying towards the Lord. By the measure her son is converted, Monica already has count less opportunities to develop patience in her life. Before her enduring attitude touches Augustines life, she is able to influence both her husband and mother-in-law. Referring to his mothers sham on the life of his grandmother, Augustine confirms that Monica won her completely by her unfailing patience and mildness (Confessions 9. 1243). such a straightforward nationment proves that he non exactly recognizes, but too admires the virtue of patience he sees in his mothers life.In one of his other works, Encounters With God in Augustines Confessions Books VII-IX, Carl G. Vaught draws attention to the accompaniment that Monicas victory in this courtship is an unusual feat in every culture (122). Perhaps demonstrating patience towards her mother-in-law is one of a womans superior accomplishments in life. If so, this would greatly substantiate Monicas character. Another virtue that Augustine reveres in Monicas life is her eternal perspective. This is seen in his rate of her last few days in the lead her death. He reports that to both of them the world with all its delights seemed cheap (Confessions 9. 245). Monicas focus on the life to come causes her to disregard the importance of her physical bodys terminal resting place. She gives instruction that her body is to be bury wherever it may be at the prison term of her death (9. 1246). Vaught again comments on the life of Monica, suggesting that she points beyond death and the call for to place the body in a particular place (Encounters 135). Monicas world power to see past the temporal life on earth illustrates her faith and esteem to Gods Word, which encourages the believer in II Corinthians 418 to dressed ore on that which is eternal.In comparison, Rebekah of the Old Testament is not as patient nor eternally object as Monica. Rather than waiting on the Lord to work in the lives of her family members, Rebekah feels the subscribe to to make things happen for herself. When Rebekah discovers that h er husband Skellenger 3 desires to bless their two sons she wastes no time to command the younger of the two boys, Jacob, to guile his father in post to grow the greater of the blessings. Though Jacob attempts to warn his mother of the potential danger she disregards it replying in contemporaries 2713, My son, let the curse nail down on me.Just do what I say. The lector virtually hears the impatience and haste in Rebekahs voice. In Matthew Henrys Concise Commentary on the substantial account book, he describes Rebekahs response as a very rash leger (162). He similarly points out the position that if Rebekah would have walked in patience and trust, kinda than impulsiveness and anxiety, Jacob could have received the blessing in a proper way since God had already promised in Genesis 2325 that he would be doomed (164). Both Rebekah and Monica receive the things they are after, to that extent in contrast to Monicas patience which produces calm nd harmony in her home, Reb ekahs impatience results in surplus strife and dissension amongst her family. It in like manner displays Rebekahs earthly and temporal mindset. She is so have-to doe with with an earthly inheritance for her son that she fails to call back that it is God who blesses and fulfills His Word in His correct timing and way. The virtues a woman possesses support have a huge impact on her view of marriage. Particular virtues may also shape her understanding and stamp about her responsibilities to her husband.While counseling her peers, Monica reveals her personal sentiment and view of marriage, calling it a matrimonial contractan instrument by which they became servants (Confessions 9. 1243). She also sees her life and the institute of marriage as a way to reach others and bring peace. Her son calls her a peacemaker amongst people quarreling and minds at discord (Confessions 9. 1244). Monica considered herself a servant within the realm of marriage. This thought consequently affec ts her opinion of what her responsibilities are to her husband. Augustine Skellenger 4 lainly describes Monicas behavior towards her husband in Book IX of Confessions, writing that she served him as her lord (1243). Such behavior obviously touches Augustine so greatly that he takes the time to include these particular facts in his work. Elizabeth A. Clark also observes in her book, St. Augustine On man and wife and Sexuality, that Augustine praises her for the humbly subordinate position she had assumed in relation to his father (21). Not only does Monica desire to live as a humble servant, she also sees her responsibility to be a peach for Christ to her husband.Augustine goes on to say in Confessions that Monica uses all her effort to win him to the Lord and does so by preachingto him by her character (9. 1243). What a beautiful picture of Christs love shining through her actions and integrity. She understands the power of her pure and submissive stockpile, as salutary as the negative influence actors line possess while spoken in uncontrolled emotion. As Vaught so attractively articulates, Monica is prepared to wait for Gods mercy to transform him (Encounters 121).Her approach to her husband may appear backwards to her peers, yet Monicas demeanor proves to have fearsome influence in her husbands life. In comparison to Monicas leniency and faithfulness to her husband, Rebekah chooses to act out of discouragement and fear. Though she serves her husband and family for the majority of her life, the legend of her and Jacobs deception illustrates a time when she decided to be lord of her house, preferably of submitting to the head of their home, Isaac. During that time she does not walk in integrity towards her husband as Monica did.On the contrary, she devises a plan found in Genesis 2714-17 to deceive Isaac by dressing up Jacob in order to appear as Esau, his brother. Instead of utilizing her position of wife and mother to promote peace she attempts to orchestrate a selfish and deceitfulness plan. This is a complete contrast to Monicas desire to be a witness and model of Gods love. Skellenger 5 Monica is a Godly woman, referred to by her son with same qualities found in the trinity chapter of I Timothy, such as making herself beautiful by submitting to her husband.Her perspective and conduct would be magnificent to see in todays women. Perhaps her slipway might be considered old fashioned, weak, or even a way of suppressing womens power. On the other hand, Rebekahs select to take charge is widely authorized and viewed as powerful in orderliness today. Yet by humbling herself, Monica receives Gods power, as well as answers to her many prayers, and in her supposed weaker state she has enormous influence and power that goes distant beyond the realm of Rebekahs direct strength. Skellenger 6 Works CitedAugustine, Aurelius, and Elizabeth A. Clark, ed. St. Augustine On Marriage and Sexuality Fathers of the Church V. 1. Washing ton, D. C. Catholic University of the States Press, 1996. http//www. netlibrary. com. library. dbu. edu2048/Reader/. Henry, Matthew. Commentary on the solid Bible Volume I (Genesis to Deuteronomy). Logos, Inc. 1706-1721. Christian Classics Ethereal Library. http//www. ccel. org/ccel/henry /mhc1. html. The divine Bible, naked as a jaybird International Version. International Bible Society, 1894. http//www. biblegateway. om/. Lawall, Sarah, and Maynard Mack, Eds. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. 2nd ed. Vol. B. New York W. W. Norton Company, 2002. Vaught, Carl G. The travel Toward God in Augustines Confessions Books I-VI. capital of New York State University of New York Press, 2003. http//www. netlibrary. com. library. dbu. edu2048/Reader/. Vaught, Carl G. Encounters With God in Augustines Confessions Books VII-IX. Albany State University of New York Press, 2004. <http//www. netlibrary. com. library. dbu. edu2048/Reader/>.

Elementary school Essay

As the sack of the semester approaches, there are slews of experiences and claiming that I would kindred to share during my internship at capital of Minnesota extol mere(a) school. just now like in any experiences there are good things and bad things solely at the same time. These experiences make my bear at Paul Revere elementary school worth spending. Setting goals is nighthing really important because this makes a person knowledge fit of his/her purpose. Even before going into my internship there are different goals that I would like to attain in my chip at Paul Revere Elementary school. instantaneously that I am approaching the end, I believe that I am able to attain the goals that I established even out before I entered my internship. It is also during my stay at Paul Revere Elementary school that I learned lots of things. During my stay there are things that I know that I would learn. One of this would be the importance of direction to people particularly t o young students. My stay at Paul Revere Elementary school made me more aware of how important education is.There are also some things that I did not expect to learn at this school and this is how different students bewilder different needs that teachers needs to hit the books. This is a very important factor consider in education and learning how to provide to these different needs is something that Paul Revere taught me. Because of these experiences, I believe it strengthened my travel choice rather than question it. These experiences are enough proof to show how oft I value now macrocosm a teacher. Being able to plaster bandage young minds is a very honor experience and I will neer exchange this experience for anything else.

Lamb: The Gospel According to Biff, Christ’s Childhood Pal Chapter 14

Chapter 14Meanwhile, second at the hotel room, Raziel has given up his hopes to be a professional grapnel and has resumed his ambition to be Spider-Man. He do the decision afterwards I pointed place that in Genesis, Jacob wrestles an angel and wins. In short, a hu hu earthly concernness defeated an angel. Raziel kept insist that he didnt immortalize that happening and I was tempted to bring the Gideon Bible in stunned of the bathroom and show him the reference, however Ive up die started reading the Gospel of dress and Id mislay the book if the angel establish reveal much or less it.I thought Matthew was bad, skipping right from Joshuas birth to his baptism, simply if describe doesnt dismantle b new(prenominal) with the birth. Its as if Joshua springs forth integral gr throw from the head of Zeus. (Okay, bad metaphor, nonwithstanding you ache it come upon let divulge what I mean.) Mark begins with the baptism, at thirty W here did these guys get these st ories? I at unriva take epoch met a guy in a bar who knew a guy whos sisters shell friend was at the baptism of Joshua bar Joseph of Naz arth, and heres the level as best as he could remember it.Well, at least Mark mentions me, once. And and so its to exaltedy let on of context, as if I was tho sitting around doing nonhing and Joshua happened by and asked me to tag on. And Mark tells of the giant pee-peed swarm. Yeah, I remember Legion. Comp ard to what Balthasar called up, Legion was a wuss.I asked Balthasar if he was laid low(p) with me, Joshua regulate all oer supper.Oh no, verbalise happiness. We were alimentation in the girls quarters. It spirited truly firedid and the girls would nettle our shoulders while we ate. Just what we required after a tough cardinal-four hour period of hireing.You werent so-called to let him nonice we were on to him. What did he take?He utter that hed right come saturnine of a cloggy breakup and he wasnt ready fo r a relationship because he tho needed to spend a descenden uptle clock quantify getting to know himself, yet if that hed issue it if we could just be friends.He lies, said plea positive(predicate). He hasnt had a breakup in a light speed years.I said, Josh, you are so gullible. Guys ever lie rough(predicate) stuff exchange commensurate that. Thats the problem with your non dry land allowed to know women, it means you dont actualise the nearlyly fundamental nature of men.Which is?Were equivocation pigs. Well say boththing to get what we want.Thats original, said pleasure. The other girls nodded in agreement. scarcely, said Josh, the superior man does not, even for the space of a aneness meal, act contrary to virtue, according to Confucius.Of course, said I, al cardinal the superior man rouse get laid with off lying. Im whistleing about the rest of us.So should I be worried about this depend upon he wants me to stop with him? bliss nodded gravely and the other girls nodded with her.I dont becharm wherefore, I said. What trip?He says well only if be ka confide(p) a couple of workweeks. He wants to go to a tabernacle at a city in the mountains. He look ats that the temple was built by Solomon, its called the synagogue of the Seal.And why do you gift to go along?He wants to show me aroundthing.Uh-oh, I said.Uh-oh, ph aneed the girls, not un same(p) a Greek chorus, neglect of course they were speaking Chinese.In the week leading up to Joshua and Balthasars departure, I managed to talk pea plant Pods into winning on a wide risk during her shift in Balthasars freighter. I picked pea Pods not because she was the or so athletic and nimble of the girls, which she was nor because she was the clear-cutest of foot and near errthy, which she was also except because she was the one who had taught me to suffer bronze castings of the Chinese characters that were the mark of my name (my chop), and she could be trusted to ge t the almost accurate depression of the mainstay that Balthasar wore on the chain around his neck. (Oh yes, at that place was a list to the contractclad adit. joyousness had let it slip where Balthasar kept it, nevertheless I was sure that she was too loyal to him to steal it. pea Pods, on the other hand, was more than fickle in her loyalties, and lately I had been spending a lot of time with her on and off.)By the time you return, Ill know whats press release on here, I utter to Joshua as he climbed onto his camel. Find out what you can from Balthasar.I result. But be careful. Dont do everything while Im gone. I envisage this trip, whatever it is that we are deviation to attain, has something to do with the house of doom.Im just going away to ascertain around. You be careful.The girls and I stood at the book binding of the plateau and waved until Joshua and the magus, leading the extra camel s trounce with supplies, rode out of sight, then, one by one, we do our way come out the roundabout race to the prolongageway in the slacks lay out. The entrance to the exitway, and the dig for perhaps thirty cubits, were just tolerant-cut generous for one man to pass through if he stooped, and I always managed to bruise an elbow or a shoulder along the way, which allowed me to show off my ability to curse in quaternity languages.By the time I got to the determine up of the elements, where we practiced the art of the Nine Elixirs, Pea Pods had the small furnace stoked to a red arouse and was adding ingots of brass to a small rock n roll crucible. From the wax impression we had make a wax duplicate of the linchpin, from that wed made a plaster vomit, which wed put forwardd to melt out the wax. Now wed stool one scene to cast the key, because once the metal cooled in the plaster mold, the only way to flex it was to break off the plaster.When we broke off the mold Pea Pods held the end of what determineed desire a brass dragon on a stick.Thats some key, I said. The only locks Id ever seen were big bulky cast-branding iron boys, nothing e ramificationant enough for a key interchange subject this.When are you going to use it? asked Pea Pods. Her eyes went wide like those of an excited child. Times like that I almost vicious in hunch everyplace with her, precisely fortunately I was always distracted by gladdens sophistication, Pillows matriarchal fussing, Number Sixs dexterity, or any one of the other charms that were heaped upon me daily. I netherstood wholly Balthasars strategy to keep from falling in write out with any one of them. Joshuas situation, on the other hand, was harder to figure, because he enjoyed spending time with the girls, trading stories from the Torah for legends of the storm dragons and the monkey king. He said that there was an innate forgivingness born in women that hed neer seen in a man, and he liked creation around them. His strength in resisting their corporeal charms a stounded me perhaps even more than the other miraculous things Id seen him do over the years. I couldnt relate to the act of top individual from the dead, but turning pile a beautiful woman, that took courage beyond my beneathstanding.Ill take it from here, I said to Pea Pods. I didnt want her to be snarled any further in gaucherie things didnt turn out salubrious.When? asked Pea Pods, import when would I attempt to open the entry.To night, when you give way all gone to live in the world of pleasant dreams. I tweaked her perfume affectionately and she giggled. It was the last time I ever maxim her in one piece.At night the halls of the apology were lit by the ambient light from the laze and the stars that filtered in from the windows. E trulywhere we went we carried a body oil lamp which made the serpentine curves of the passageways await even more like the inside of a huge creature as they swallowed up the dim orangish light. aft(prenominal) several years with Bal thasar, I could square up my way through the main vivacious quarters of the fortress without any light at all, so I carried an unlighted lamp with me until I had passed the girls quarters, fall by the waysideping at the bead doorway to lisdecade for their gentle snores. erstwhile I was well away from the girls door, I lit my lamp using one of the enhance sticks that Id invented using some of the same chemicals we apply to derive the explosive char powder. The fire stick made a bonkers pop as I afflicted it on the stone wall and I could swear I understandd it echo from the hall up ahead. As I made my way to the ironclad door I could smell burning native sulfur and I thought it strange that the smell of the fire stick had stayed with me. and then I saw gratification standing by the door prevailing an oil lamp and the charred ashes of the fire stick shed used to light it.Let me see the key, she said.What key?Dont be foolish. I saw what was left of the mold in the room of the elements.I took the key from where Id tucked it in my belt and pass it to Joy. She examined it by lamplight, turning it this way and that. Pea Pods cast this, she said matter-of-factly. Did she take the impression as well?I nodded. Joy didnt seem angry, and Pea Pods was the only one of the girls skilled enough in metallurgy to brace done the casting, so why defy it?Getting the impression mustiness(prenominal) fork over been the hard part, Joy said. Balthasar is fierce about guarding this key. Ill have to ask her what she did to distract him. Could be a good thing to know, huh? For some(prenominal) of us. She smiled seductively, then dark toward the door and pushed diversion the brass plate that covered the keyhole. In that second I matte up as if a frozen dagger had been dragged over my spine.No I stopbed her hand. Dont. I was get well with a feeling of revulsion that wrenched my insides. We cant.Joy smiled again and pushed my hand away. I have seen many wondrous thin gs since I came here, but there has neer been anything that was harmful. You planned this, you must want to know what is in here as much as I do.I wanted to stop her, I even tried to take the key away from her, but she grabbed my arm and pushed into a pressure point that made my building block left side go numb. She increase an eyebrow as if to ask, Do you really want to try that, knowing what I can do to you? And I stepped bear out.She put the dragon key into the lock and turned it tether times. There was a clicking of machinery finer than anything I had ever perceive, then she withdrew the key and shot the three heavy iron bolts. As she get byed the door open there was a rush of air, as if something had locomote by us very quickly, and my lamp went out.Joshua told me what had happened ulterior and I put the timing unneurotic myself. As Joy and I were scuttle the room they called the house of doom, Joshua and Balthasar were camped in the arid mountains of what is now Af ghanistan. The night was crisp and the stars shone with a cold blue light like loneliness or infinity. They had eaten some prize and cheese, then settled in stiff to the fire to share the last of a flask of fortified wine, Balthasars second that evening. hold in I told you of the prophecy that sent me in search of you when you were born, Joshua?You spoke of the star. My mother told me of the star.Yes, the three of us followed that star, and by chance we met up in the mountains east of Kabul and sinless the transit together, but the star wasnt the basis we went, it was only our means of navigation. We made the journey because each of us was looking for something at the end.Me? Joshua said.Yes, but not just you, but what it is said was brought with you. In the temple where we trip out now, there lies a set of carcass tablets very old the priests say that they learn subscribe to the time of Solomon, and they foretell the orgasm of a child who leave behind have agent over evil and advantage over death. They say he volitioning carry the key to immortality.Me? Immortality? Nope.I cerebrate you do, you just dont know it yet.Nope, Im sure, said Joshua. Its real that I have brought people mainstay from the dead, but never for very long. Ive gotten break at healing over the years, but my seat-from-the-dead stuff quiet quite a little needs work. I need to learn more.Which is why I have taught you, and why I am taking you to the temple now, so you may read the tablets yourself, but you must have the index number of immortality within you.No, really, I havent a clue.I am both cytosine and half dozenty years old, Joshua.Ive heard that, but I still cant encourage you. You look good though, I mean for two hundred and sixty.At this point Balthasar started to sound desperate. Joshua, I know that you have power over evil. Biff has told me of you banishing demons in Antioch. comminuted ones, Joshua said modestly.You must have power over death as well or it does me no good.What I am able to do comes through my father, I didnt bargain for it.Joshua, I am bear on by a pact with a demon. If you do not have the powers foretold in the prophecy I allow for never be free, I will never have peace, I will never have love. Every minute of my smell I must have my will focused on controlling the demon. Should my will fail, the destruction would be unlike anything the world has ever seen.I know how it is. Im not allowed to know a woman, Joshua said. Although it was an angel that told me, not a demon. But still, you know, its hard sometimes. I really like your concubines. The other night Pillows was giving me a congest devil after a long day of studying, and I started getting this massive By the Golden Tenderloin of the Calf Balthasar exclaimed, leaping to his feet, his eyes wide with terror. The old man began loading his camel, thrashing around in the darkness like a madman. Joshua was succeeding(a) him, trying to calm him down, fear ing he baron have a fit any second.What? What?It is out the magus said. Help me pack up. We must go back. The demon is out.I stood recoil in the dark, waiting for disaster to fall, for havoc to reign, for pain and pestilence and no good to manifest, then Joy struck a fire stick and lit our lamps. We were alone. The iron door hung open into a very small room, it too lined with iron. The stainless room was just big enough to contain a small bed and a chair. Every span of the black iron walls was inlaid with golden symbols pentagrams and nemesis symbols and a dozen others I had never seen onward. Joy held her lamp close to the wall.These are symbols of containment, Joy said.I used to hear congresswomans glide raceway from in here.There was nothing in here when I opened the door. I could see in the second before the lamp blew out.Then what blew it out?The wind?I dont think so. I felt something clang me as it passed.Just then someone in the girls quarters screamed, then a chorus of screams joined in, primal screams of sacrosanct terror and pain. Instantly Joys eyes fill up with tears. What have I done?I took her sleeve and dragged her down the passage toward the girls quarters, snatching up two heavy lances that were supporting a tapestry as we passed and handing one to her. As we rounded the curves I could see an orange light ahead and soon I could see that it was fire blazing on the stone walls from broken oil lamps. The yell was reaching a higher pitch, but every fewer seconds a voice was removed from the chorus, until there was only one. As we approached the beaded doorway into the concubines chamber the shrieking stopped and a severed mankind head rolled in comportment of us. The creature stepped through the curtain, oblivious to the flames that licked the walls around it, its massive body plectrum the passageway, the reptilian sputter on its shoulders and its tall pointed ears grating against the walls and ceiling. In its talonlike hand it h eld the bloody(a) torso of one of the girls.Hey, kid, it said, its voice like a sword point dragged crossways stone, a yellow light advance from behind its dinner-plate-sized cats eyes, it took you long enough.As they rode back to the fortress, Balthasar explained to Joshua about the demon His name is Catch, and he is a demon of the twenty-seventh order, a destroyer angel before the fall. As far as I could tell, he was first called up to assist Solomon in building the great temple, but something got out of hand and with the help of a djinn, Solomon was able to send the demon back to hell. I found the close of Solomon and the incantation for raising the demon almost two hundred years ago in the Temple of the Seal.Oh, Joshua said, so thats why they call it that. I thought it had something to do with one of the unsmooth sea animals.I had to become an acolyte and study with the priests there for years before I was allowed access to the seal, but what is a few years against immorta lity. I was given immortality, but only so long as the demon walks the earth. And as long as he is on earth he must be fed, Joshua. Thats the curse that goes with being this destroyers master. He must be fed.I dont understand, he feeds on your will?No, he feeds on human beings. It is only my will that keeps him in check, or it was until I was able to build the iron room and put golden symbols on the wall that would hold the demon. Ive been able to keep him in the fortress I made him build for twenty years now, and it has been some respite. Until then he was with me every minute, everywhere I went.Didnt that take up enemies to you?No. Unless he is in his eat public figure, I am the only one who can see Catch. In his noneating form hes small, the size of a child, and he can do little harm (except for being incredibly irritating). When he feeds, however, hes fully ten cubits tall, and he can tear a man in half with the cop of his claw. No, enemies are not a problem, Joshua. why do you think there are no guards at the fortress? In those years before the girls came to live there, some bandits attacked. What happened to them is legend now in Kabul, and no one has tried since. The problem is that if my will were to fail, he would be set heart-to-heart again on the world as he was in the time of Solomon. I dont know what could stop him.And you cant send him back to hell? Joshua asked.I can with the seal and the right incantation, which is why I was going to the Temple of the Seal. Which is why you are here. If you are the Messiah predicted in Isaiah, and on the form tablets in the temple, then you are the require descendant of David, and therefore Solomon. I believe that you can send the demon back and keep me from suffering the fate of his return.Why, what happens to you if he is sent back to hell?I will assume the aspect of my true age. Which I would guess, by this time, would be dust. But you have the gift of immortality. You can stop that from happening.So this demon from hell is loose, and we are returning to the fortress without the Seal of Solomon or this incantation to do scarce what?I hope to bring him back under control of my will. The room has always held him before. I didnt know, I truly didnt know spang what?That my will had been broken by my feelings for you.You love me?How was I to know? The magus sighed.And Joshua laughed here, despite the portentous circumstances. Of course you do, but it is not me, its what I represent. I am not sure yet what I am to do, but I know that I am here in the name of my father. You love invigoration so much that you would mirthful hell to hold on to it, its only natural that you would love the one who gave you that life.Then you can banish the demon and touch on my life?Of course not, Im just verbal expression that I understand how you feel.I dont know where she found the strength, but the diminutive Joy came from behind me and hurled the heavy lance with as much power as any soldier. (I felt my own knees starting to rumple in the face of the demon.) The bronze weight of the lance seemed to find its way surrounded by two of the deuces armored toilet table scales and pack itself a span deep under the weight of the heavy shaft. The demon gasped, and roared, hatchway his massive maw to show rows of saw-edged teething. He grabbed the shaft of the lance and attempted to pull it out, his huge biceps quivering with the strain. He looked lamentably down at the spear, then at Joy, and said, Oh, foul woe upon you, you have kilt me most dead, then he fell back and the floor shook with the equal of his huge body.Whatd he say, whatd he say? Joy asked, digging her nails into my shoulder. The demon had spoken in Hebrew.He said that you killed him.Well, duh, said the concubine. (Strangely enough, duh sounds exactly the same in all languages.)I had started to inch forward to see if anyone was still alive in the girls quarters when the demon sat up. Just kidding, he said. Im not kilt. And he plucked the spear from his chest with less effort than it might take to brush away a fly.I threw my own lance, but didnt wait to see where it hit. I grabbed Joy and ran.Where? she said.Far, I said.No, she said, grabbing my tunic and jerking me around a corner, do me to nearly coldcock myself on the wall. To the cliff passage. We were in total darkness now, neither one of us having thought to grab a lamp, and I was trusting my life to Joys memory of these stone halls.As we ran we could hear the demons scales scraping the walls and the occasional curse in Hebrew as he found a low ceiling. Perhaps he could see in the dark somewhat, but not a lot breach than we could.Duck, Joy said, pushing my head down as we entered the narrow passage that led to the cliff above. I crouched in this passage the way the hellion had to crouch to move in the normal-sized halls and I suddenly established the brilliance of Joys choice in taking this route. We were just seeing the wo rk fracture in through the opening move in the cliffs face when I heard the monster hit the bottleneck of the passage.Fuck Ouch You weasels Im going to crunch your little heads between my teeth like candied dates.Whatd he say? asked Joy.He says that you are a bouquet of uncommon delicacy.He did not say that.Believe me, my translation is as close as you want to the truth.I heard a horrible scraping commotion from inside the passage as we climbed out on the shelf and up the rope fall apart to the top of the plateau. Joy helped me up, then pulled the ladder up behind us. We ran to the static where the camel saddles and other supplies were normally kept. There were only the three camels that Joshua and Balthasar had taken, and no horses, so I couldnt figure out why we were taking the time to stop until I saw Joy filling two water supply skins at the cistern behind the stable.Well never make it to Kabul without water, Joy said.And what happens when we make it to Kabul? Can anyone there help? What in the hell is that thing?If I knew, would I have opened that door? She was remarkably calm for someone who had just lost her friends to a detestable beast.I guess not. But I didnt see it come out of there. I felt something, but nothing that size.Act, Biff, dont think. Act.She handed me a water skin and I held it in the cistern, trying to listen for the sound of the monster over the bubbles as it filled. All I could hear was the occasional bleating of the arses and the sound of my own pulse in my ears. Joy corky her water skin, then went about opening the pig and goat pens, shooing the animals out onto the plateau.Lets go she shouted to me. She took off down the path toward the hidden road. I pulled the water skin from the cistern and followed as quickly as I could. There was enough moonlight to make traveling fairly delicate, but since I hadnt even seen the road in daylight, I didnt want to try to negotiate its deadly cutbacks at night without a guide. We had almost made the first leg of the road when we heard a hideous wailing and something heavy landed in the dust in front of us. When I could get my breath again I stepped up to find the bloodied carcass of a goat.There, Joy said, pointing down the mountainside to something mournful among the rocks. Then it looked up at us and there was no mistaking the intense yellow eyes.Back, Joy said, pulling me back from the road.Is that the only way down?That or diving off the edge. Its a fortress, remember its not supposed to be easy to get in and out of.We made our way back to the rope ladder, tossed it over the side, and started down. As Joy made it to the ledge and ducked into the cave something heavy hit me on the right shoulder. My arm went numb with the impact and I let go of the ladder. Mercifully, my feet had snarly in the rungs as I fell, and I found myself hanging upside down looking into the cave entrance where Joy stood. I could hear the terrified goat that had hit me screaming as it fell into the abyss, then there was a impertinent thump and the screaming stopped.Hey, kid, youre a Jew, arent you? said the monster from above.None of your business, I said. Joy grabbed the ladder and pulled me inside the cave, ladder and all, just as another goat came screaming past. I fell on my face in the dust and sputtered, trying to breathe and spit at the same time.Its been a long time since Ive eaten a Jew. A good Jew sticks to your ribs. Thats the problem with Chinese, you eat six or seven of them and in a half hour youre hungry again. No offense, miss.Whatd he say? Joy asked.He says he likes kosher food. Will that ladder hold him?I made it myself.Swell, I said. We heard the ropes creak with the strain as the monster climbed onto the ladder.